Natural Resources Canada Data

Freezing and Thawing Cycles of Concrete at Treat Island

Types of Materials Used in CANMET Research Program

Freezing and Thawing Cycles of Concrete at Treat Island

Freezing Pt.

Prism,

(305 x 305 x 915 mm)

* Prism,

(152 x 152 x 510 mm)

@ 25 mm cover

@ 152 mm cover

1991-1992

1992-1993

1993-1994

1994-1995

1995-1996

1996-1997

1997-1998

1998-1999

0.0

128

119

149

169

155

155

169

157

124

137

-1.0

101

82

107

152

127

123

146

135

105

110

-2.0

70

53

79

127

103

104

120

108

74

82

-2.2*

62

49

75*

123

97

102

115

102

71

72

-3.0

56

41

54

106

83

80

97

82

51

63

-4.0

42

32

46

89

71

64

70

58

37

48

-5.0

31

28

39

71

64

46

59

46

31

39

-6.0

24

22

32

52

55

34

44

31

23

29

-7.0

19

14

27

42

47

29

32

21

18

20

-8.0

11

8

17

27

35

19

20

16

12

16

-9.0

7

6

13

21

26

14

14

11

9

8

-10.0

4

4

7

17

22

9

14

8

5

6

-11.0

4

3

6

12

18

6

11

4

3

5

-12.0

1

1

3

7

14

3

7

3

2

3

-13.0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

3

-14.0

 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2

*Nominal number of freezing and thawing cycles per year is based upon the number of times the temperature at the centre of 152 x 152 x 510-mm prism drops below minus 2.2°C. In the above case, the total number of freezing and thawing cycles is 75 for 1991 - 1992.
Back to top

 

Types of Materials Used in CANMET Research Program

 

Phase

No. of Prisms

Year

Cement Type

(ASTM)

Fine

Aggregate

Coarse Aggregate

Fly Ash

Slag

Silica

Fume

Others

I(A)

I(B)

30

6

1978

1978

I,V

I

natural sand

gravel, 37.5-mm nom. max. size

-

-

x

-

-

-

-

superplasticizer

II

33

1979

I,II,V

natural sand

gravel, 37.5-mm nom. max. size

x

x

-

-

III

30

1980

I,V

natural sand

expanded shale 25-mm nom. max. size

-

x

-

-

IV

15

1981

I,V

natural sand

crushed dolomitic limestone 19-mm nom. max. size

x

-

-

-

V(A)

V(B)

12

12

1982

1982

I

I

natural sand

natural sand

crushed dolomitic limestone 19-mm nom. max. size

x

-

x

-

-

x

-

-

VI

15

1985

I

natural sand

expanded shale, 25-mm nom. max. size

x

-

x

steel fibres

VII

6

1986

I

natural sand

expanded shale, 25-mm nom. max. size

-

-

x

-

VIII

8

1987

I

natural sand

gravel, 19-mm nom. max. size

x

-

-

-

IX

8

1987

I

natural sand

gravel, 19-mm nom. max. size

x

x

x

steel reinforcement

X

6

1988

I

natural sand

expanded shale, N.B.

expanded shale, N.Y.

expanded shale, Germany

-

-

x

-

XI

6

1990

I

natural sand

expanded shale, N.B.

expanded shale, N.Y.

expanded shale, Germany

x

-

-

-

XII

16

1991

I

natural sand

crushed limestone

-

-

-

steel reinforcement

XIII

XIV

28

12

1992

1994

I

I

natural sand
natural sand

crushed limestone

crushed greywacke

x

x

-

-

-

x

-

see note below

Note: A naphthalene-based HRWRA was used in concrete mixtures incorporating silica fume.

Back to top

Home | Programs | Rack Maps | Keywords